1.
Rampal, Lekhraj; Rampal, Sanjay; Azhar, M Z; Sidik, Sherina Mohd; Mohamad, T; Ramlee, R; Ahmad, J
A national study on the prevalence and factors associated with smoking amongst Malaysians aged 18 years and above Journal Article
In: Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 41-53, 2008.
@article{RN816,
title = {A national study on the prevalence and factors associated with smoking amongst Malaysians aged 18 years and above},
author = {Lekhraj Rampal and Sanjay Rampal and M Z Azhar and Sherina Mohd Sidik and T Mohamad and R Ramlee and J Ahmad},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences},
volume = {4},
number = {2},
pages = {41-53},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2.
Al-Mekhlafi, M H; Surin, J; Atiya, A S; Ariffin, W A; Mahdy, A K; Abdullah, H C
Anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia among aboriginal schoolchildren in rural Peninsular Malaysia: an update on a continuing problem Journal Article
In: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, vol. 102, no. 10, pp. 1046-52, 2008, ISSN: 0035-9203.
@article{RN16041,
title = {Anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia among aboriginal schoolchildren in rural Peninsular Malaysia: an update on a continuing problem},
author = {M H Al-Mekhlafi and J Surin and A S Atiya and W A Ariffin and A K Mahdy and H C Abdullah},
doi = {10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.05.012},
issn = {0035-9203},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg},
volume = {102},
number = {10},
pages = {1046-52},
abstract = {A cross-sectional study to determine the current prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and to investigate the possible risk factors for IDA was carried out on 241 aboriginal schoolchildren (120 boys, 121 girls) aged 7-12 years and living in remote areas in Pos Betau, Pahang, Malaysia. Haemoglobin (Hb) level was measured and serum iron status was assessed by serum ferritin (SF), serum iron (SI) and total iron binding capacity measurements. Socioeconomic data were collected using pre-tested questionnaires. All children were screened for intestinal parasitic infections. Overall, 48.5% (95% CI 42.3-54.8) of children were anaemic (Hb\<12 g/dl). The prevalence of IDA was 34% (95% CI 28.3-40.2), which accounted for 70.1% of the anaemia cases. The prevalence of IDA was significantly higher in females than males. Low levels of mothers' education and low household income were identified as risk factors for IDA. Severe trichuriasis also found to be associated with low SF and SI. Logistic regression confirmed low levels of mothers' education and gender as significant risk factors for IDA. Improvement of socioeconomic status and health education together with periodic mass deworming should be included in public health strategies for the control and prevention of anaemia and IDA in this population.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A cross-sectional study to determine the current prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and to investigate the possible risk factors for IDA was carried out on 241 aboriginal schoolchildren (120 boys, 121 girls) aged 7-12 years and living in remote areas in Pos Betau, Pahang, Malaysia. Haemoglobin (Hb) level was measured and serum iron status was assessed by serum ferritin (SF), serum iron (SI) and total iron binding capacity measurements. Socioeconomic data were collected using pre-tested questionnaires. All children were screened for intestinal parasitic infections. Overall, 48.5% (95% CI 42.3-54.8) of children were anaemic (Hb<12 g/dl). The prevalence of IDA was 34% (95% CI 28.3-40.2), which accounted for 70.1% of the anaemia cases. The prevalence of IDA was significantly higher in females than males. Low levels of mothers' education and low household income were identified as risk factors for IDA. Severe trichuriasis also found to be associated with low SF and SI. Logistic regression confirmed low levels of mothers' education and gender as significant risk factors for IDA. Improvement of socioeconomic status and health education together with periodic mass deworming should be included in public health strategies for the control and prevention of anaemia and IDA in this population.
3.
Su, T; Hoe, V C
Awareness on ex-gratia compensation scheme among medical department staff in a tertiary government hospital in Kuala Lumpur Journal Article
In: Med J Malaysia, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 302-5, 2008, ISSN: 0300-5283 (Print) 0300-5283.
@article{RN16036,
title = {Awareness on ex-gratia compensation scheme among medical department staff in a tertiary government hospital in Kuala Lumpur},
author = {T Su and V C Hoe},
issn = {0300-5283 (Print)
0300-5283},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Med J Malaysia},
volume = {63},
number = {4},
pages = {302-5},
abstract = {The Ex-Gratia Compensation Scheme was introduced by the Government of Malaysia in 1994 to provide compensation, which is not covered by any prior legislation, for all its workers suffering from injuries and illnesses due to work. Despite more than ten years of implementation, the submission for claims is still minimal and there is an impression that awareness on the provision of Ex-Gratia benefit among government employees, especially health care staff, is poor. A cross sectional survey was conducted at a medical department of a government hospital in Kuala Lumpur to assess the knowledge and awareness level on Ex-Gratia among a representative group of front line health care workers. The results show that the respondents' knowledge on Ex-Gratia is generally poor as compared to knowledge on the Social Security (SOCSO) Schemes. Majority of the respondents are unsure whether they will be compensated in case of occupational illness and injuries. They also do not know what kind of compensation scheme they are currently eligible. There is an urgent need for the Treasury and health care managers to expand the knowledge and awareness on Ex-Gratia among health care workers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Ex-Gratia Compensation Scheme was introduced by the Government of Malaysia in 1994 to provide compensation, which is not covered by any prior legislation, for all its workers suffering from injuries and illnesses due to work. Despite more than ten years of implementation, the submission for claims is still minimal and there is an impression that awareness on the provision of Ex-Gratia benefit among government employees, especially health care staff, is poor. A cross sectional survey was conducted at a medical department of a government hospital in Kuala Lumpur to assess the knowledge and awareness level on Ex-Gratia among a representative group of front line health care workers. The results show that the respondents' knowledge on Ex-Gratia is generally poor as compared to knowledge on the Social Security (SOCSO) Schemes. Majority of the respondents are unsure whether they will be compensated in case of occupational illness and injuries. They also do not know what kind of compensation scheme they are currently eligible. There is an urgent need for the Treasury and health care managers to expand the knowledge and awareness on Ex-Gratia among health care workers.
4.
Al-Mekhlafi, M S; Surin, J; Atiya, A S; Ariffin, W A; Mahdy, A K; Abdullah, H C
Current prevalence and predictors of protein-energy malnutrition among schoolchildren in rural Peninsular Malaysia Journal Article
In: Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 922-31, 2008, ISSN: 0125-1562 (Print) 0125-1562.
@article{RN16038,
title = {Current prevalence and predictors of protein-energy malnutrition among schoolchildren in rural Peninsular Malaysia},
author = {M S Al-Mekhlafi and J Surin and A S Atiya and W A Ariffin and A K Mahdy and H C Abdullah},
issn = {0125-1562 (Print)
0125-1562},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health},
volume = {39},
number = {5},
pages = {922-31},
abstract = {A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the current prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) among Orang Asli schoolchildren and to investigate the potential predictors of malnutrition. A total of 241 (120 males and 121 females) Orang Asli schoolchildren age 7-12 years living in remote areas of Pos Betau, Pahang participated voluntarily in this study. Anthropometric and socioeconomic data were collected and the children were screened for intestinal parasitic infections. The overall prevalences of mild and significant underweight conditions were 52.3% and 37.3%, respectively, and the prevalences of mild stunting and wasting were 43.6% and 43.1%, respectively, while the prevalences of significant stunting and wasting were 43.6% and 5.6%, respectively. There was a significant association between gender (male) and malnutrition (p = 0.029). The results also showed a higher prevalence of stunting among children age \< or = 10 years than in older children (p = 0.001). Other independent variables, including socioeconomic status and intestinal parasitic infections, had no significant associations with malnutrition indices. PEM is prevalent among schoolchildren in rural Malaysia and therefore of public health concern since PEM diminishes immune function and impairs cognitive function and educational performance. School-based programs of prevention through health education and interventions should be considered as an essential part of measures to improve the quality of life of schoolchildren in rural Malaysia.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the current prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) among Orang Asli schoolchildren and to investigate the potential predictors of malnutrition. A total of 241 (120 males and 121 females) Orang Asli schoolchildren age 7-12 years living in remote areas of Pos Betau, Pahang participated voluntarily in this study. Anthropometric and socioeconomic data were collected and the children were screened for intestinal parasitic infections. The overall prevalences of mild and significant underweight conditions were 52.3% and 37.3%, respectively, and the prevalences of mild stunting and wasting were 43.6% and 43.1%, respectively, while the prevalences of significant stunting and wasting were 43.6% and 5.6%, respectively. There was a significant association between gender (male) and malnutrition (p = 0.029). The results also showed a higher prevalence of stunting among children age < or = 10 years than in older children (p = 0.001). Other independent variables, including socioeconomic status and intestinal parasitic infections, had no significant associations with malnutrition indices. PEM is prevalent among schoolchildren in rural Malaysia and therefore of public health concern since PEM diminishes immune function and impairs cognitive function and educational performance. School-based programs of prevention through health education and interventions should be considered as an essential part of measures to improve the quality of life of schoolchildren in rural Malaysia.
5.
Moy, F M; Sallam, A Ab; Wong, M L
Dietary modification in a workplace health promotion program in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Journal Article
In: Asia Pac J Public Health, vol. 20 Suppl, pp. 166-72, 2008, ISSN: 1010-5395 (Print) 1010-5395.
@article{RN14544,
title = {Dietary modification in a workplace health promotion program in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia},
author = {F M Moy and A Ab Sallam and M L Wong},
issn = {1010-5395 (Print)
1010-5395},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Asia Pac J Public Health},
volume = {20 Suppl},
pages = {166-72},
abstract = {Lifestyle modification is effective in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to promote healthy lifestyle behaviours to prevent cardiovascular disease. This study was a quasi-experimental trial with a follow up of two years. The intervention group (n = 102) received intensive individual and group counselling on diet and physical activity. The comparison group (n = 84) was given minimal education through mail and group counselling. Following the intervention, both groups reduced their total fat intake through a replacement in carbohydrate intake. The saturated fat and cholesterol intake was also reduced with a larger magnitude in the intervention group. Fruits and vegetables consumption was increased within the intervention group. The intervention group showed a statistically significant reduction in their mean total cholesterol levels with an intervention effect of -0.38 (95% C.I. = -0.63, -0.14) mmol/l. This study has achieved moderate improvement in dietary intakes as well as the total cholesterol of the participants.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lifestyle modification is effective in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to promote healthy lifestyle behaviours to prevent cardiovascular disease. This study was a quasi-experimental trial with a follow up of two years. The intervention group (n = 102) received intensive individual and group counselling on diet and physical activity. The comparison group (n = 84) was given minimal education through mail and group counselling. Following the intervention, both groups reduced their total fat intake through a replacement in carbohydrate intake. The saturated fat and cholesterol intake was also reduced with a larger magnitude in the intervention group. Fruits and vegetables consumption was increased within the intervention group. The intervention group showed a statistically significant reduction in their mean total cholesterol levels with an intervention effect of -0.38 (95% C.I. = -0.63, -0.14) mmol/l. This study has achieved moderate improvement in dietary intakes as well as the total cholesterol of the participants.
6.
Retneswari, M
Editorial: The menace of vector-borne diseases Journal Article
In: Journal of the University of Malaya Medical Centre, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 37-38, 2008.
@article{RN771,
title = {Editorial: The menace of vector-borne diseases},
author = {M Retneswari},
url = {https://jummec.um.edu.my/index.php/jummec/article/view/4576},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Journal of the University of Malaya Medical Centre},
volume = {11},
number = {2},
pages = {37-38},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
7.
Nagaraj, Shyamala; Tey, Nai-Peng; Ng, Chiu-Wan; Balakrishnan, Balambigai
Ethnic dimensions of gender differentials in mortality in Malaysia Journal Article
In: Journal of Population Research, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 183-205, 2008, ISSN: 1443-2447.
@article{RN14648,
title = {Ethnic dimensions of gender differentials in mortality in Malaysia},
author = {Shyamala Nagaraj and Nai-Peng Tey and Chiu-Wan Ng and Balambigai Balakrishnan},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03031948 http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/540/art%253A10.1007%252FBF03031948.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2FBF03031948\&token2=exp=1449622146~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F540%2Fart%25253A10.1007%25252FBF03031948.pdf%3ForiginUrl%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Flink.springer.com%252Farticle%252F10.1007%252FBF03031948*~hmac=48512f2336d106c46979f455602879239588ad663f3ad817fe31e2ade49740f2},
doi = {10.1007/BF03031948},
issn = {1443-2447},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Population Research},
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {183-205},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
8.
Al-Sadat, N; Binns, C W
Exploring why girls smoke in Malaysia--a qualitative approach Journal Article
In: Asia Pac J Public Health, vol. 20 Suppl, pp. 6-14, 2008, ISSN: 1010-5395 (Print) 1010-5395.
@article{RN14545,
title = {Exploring why girls smoke in Malaysia--a qualitative approach},
author = {N Al-Sadat and C W Binns},
issn = {1010-5395 (Print)
1010-5395},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Asia Pac J Public Health},
volume = {20 Suppl},
pages = {6-14},
abstract = {The fast increase in the rate of uptake of smoking amongst adolescent girls in Malaysia is a public health concern. The objective of this study was to investigate factors that influenced the initiation of smoking and the effects of advertisement on consolidating the smoking habit among teenage girls in the urban city of Kuala Lumpur. Qualitative research was conducted using both interviews and focus group discussions with groups of adolescent girls. Data collected was analysed using grounded thematic theory methodology and validated using methodological triangulation. The reasons for initiating smoking elicited from the study can be grouped into 4 general themes; influence by peers, influence of seeing parents smoking, misguided belief that it could alleviate stress and finally that it would impress others. Smoking imageries in media and advertisements were not primary influencing factors in the initiation of smoking but it encouraged them to progress to become regulars. Ways should be sought to empower girls to feel more confident about resisting pressures to initiate smoking. This could be done through activities such as positive peer sports, education on how to alleviate stress and curbing of smoking imageries in the media.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The fast increase in the rate of uptake of smoking amongst adolescent girls in Malaysia is a public health concern. The objective of this study was to investigate factors that influenced the initiation of smoking and the effects of advertisement on consolidating the smoking habit among teenage girls in the urban city of Kuala Lumpur. Qualitative research was conducted using both interviews and focus group discussions with groups of adolescent girls. Data collected was analysed using grounded thematic theory methodology and validated using methodological triangulation. The reasons for initiating smoking elicited from the study can be grouped into 4 general themes; influence by peers, influence of seeing parents smoking, misguided belief that it could alleviate stress and finally that it would impress others. Smoking imageries in media and advertisements were not primary influencing factors in the initiation of smoking but it encouraged them to progress to become regulars. Ways should be sought to empower girls to feel more confident about resisting pressures to initiate smoking. This could be done through activities such as positive peer sports, education on how to alleviate stress and curbing of smoking imageries in the media.
9.
Moy, F M; Atiya, A S; Wong, M L
Framingham Risk Scores and Anthropometric Measurements in Predicting Cardiovascular Risks among Malay Men Journal Article
In: Malays J Nutr, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 57-63, 2008, ISSN: 1394-035X (Print) 1394-035x.
@article{RN14550,
title = {Framingham Risk Scores and Anthropometric Measurements in Predicting Cardiovascular Risks among Malay Men},
author = {F M Moy and A S Atiya and M L Wong},
issn = {1394-035X (Print)
1394-035x},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Malays J Nutr},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {57-63},
abstract = {Framingham Risk Scores is an established method to predict an individual's 10-year risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). It provides a more precise delineation of risk which might lead to appropriate selection of therapy and opportunities for patient education and motivation. A Healthy Lifestyle Project was initiated to decrease the modifiable risk factors for CHD in a worksite in Kuala Lumpur. The participants were Malay men (n=186) working as security guards in a public university. Their mean age was 46.6 + 6.6 years. The majority had secondary education and were married. The participants' 10-year risks based on the Framingham Risk Scores were 55.4%, 39.8% and 4.8% respectively for categories of low (\< 10%), intermediate (10 to 20%) and high (\>20%) risk. Their Framingham Risk Scores were then correlated with anthropometric measurements such as the Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-hip-ratio (WHR). All the anthropometric measurements had weak but significant correlation with the Framingham Risk Scores (WHR: r=0.26; waist circumference: r=0.23; BMI: r=0.16). In conclusion, 44.6% of our participants had more than 10% risk in developing CHD in the coming ten years. Hence, they are suitable target candidates for the promotion of a healthy lifestyle such as smoking cessation, weight control, healthy dietary patterns and increased physical activities. Indicators of abdominal obesity like WHR or waist circumference may be used to complement the Framingham Risk Scores for the prediction of CHD risk in this population.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Framingham Risk Scores is an established method to predict an individual's 10-year risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). It provides a more precise delineation of risk which might lead to appropriate selection of therapy and opportunities for patient education and motivation. A Healthy Lifestyle Project was initiated to decrease the modifiable risk factors for CHD in a worksite in Kuala Lumpur. The participants were Malay men (n=186) working as security guards in a public university. Their mean age was 46.6 + 6.6 years. The majority had secondary education and were married. The participants' 10-year risks based on the Framingham Risk Scores were 55.4%, 39.8% and 4.8% respectively for categories of low (< 10%), intermediate (10 to 20%) and high (>20%) risk. Their Framingham Risk Scores were then correlated with anthropometric measurements such as the Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-hip-ratio (WHR). All the anthropometric measurements had weak but significant correlation with the Framingham Risk Scores (WHR: r=0.26; waist circumference: r=0.23; BMI: r=0.16). In conclusion, 44.6% of our participants had more than 10% risk in developing CHD in the coming ten years. Hence, they are suitable target candidates for the promotion of a healthy lifestyle such as smoking cessation, weight control, healthy dietary patterns and increased physical activities. Indicators of abdominal obesity like WHR or waist circumference may be used to complement the Framingham Risk Scores for the prediction of CHD risk in this population.
10.
Ghani, S Noor; Yadav, H
Health Care in Malaysia Book
University of Malaya Press, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2008, ISBN: 978-983-100-444-9.
@book{RN755,
title = {Health Care in Malaysia},
author = {S Noor Ghani and H Yadav},
isbn = {978-983-100-444-9},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
publisher = {University of Malaya Press},
address = {Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
11.
Masilamani, R; Gurusamy, J
Occupational Health For Health Care Professionals – Caring For The Carers Book
Malaysian Medical Association, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2008, ISBN: 978-983-99128-3-8.
@book{RN761,
title = {Occupational Health For Health Care Professionals \textendash Caring For The Carers},
author = {R Masilamani and J Gurusamy},
isbn = {978-983-99128-3-8},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
publisher = {Malaysian Medical Association},
address = {Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
12.
Al-Mekhlafi, M Hesham; Surin, J; Atiya, A S; Ariffin, W A; Mahdy, A K Mohammed; Abdullah, H Che
Pattern and predictors of soil-transmitted helminth reinfection among aboriginal schoolchildren in rural Peninsular Malaysia Journal Article
In: Acta Trop, vol. 107, no. 2, pp. 200-4, 2008, ISSN: 0001-706X (Print) 0001-706x.
@article{RN16043,
title = {Pattern and predictors of soil-transmitted helminth reinfection among aboriginal schoolchildren in rural Peninsular Malaysia},
author = {M Hesham Al-Mekhlafi and J Surin and A S Atiya and W A Ariffin and A K Mohammed Mahdy and H Che Abdullah},
doi = {10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.05.022},
issn = {0001-706X (Print)
0001-706x},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Acta Trop},
volume = {107},
number = {2},
pages = {200-4},
abstract = {Data on soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections and reinfection among Orang Asli (aborigine) schoolchildren and their nutritional and socioeconomic status were analyzed to investigate the pattern and the possible predictors of STH reinfection. In this longitudinal study, 120 (60 males and 60 females) Orang Asli primary schoolchildren aged 7-12 years and living in remote areas in Pos Betau, Kuala Lipis, Pahang were screened for the presence of STH using modified cellophane thick smear and Harada Mori techniques. The overall prevalence of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infections were 65.8, 97.5 and 10.8%, respectively. After complete deworming with a 3-day course of 400mg/daily of albendazole tablets, children were re-examined at 3 and 6 months from baseline. The reinfection rate, by one or more of STH species, at 3 months after deworming was high (49.5%) while 79.6% of the children were reinfected at 6 months after deworming. Logistic regression analyses showed that females, stunted children and those living in houses without toilets had significantly higher reinfection rates than others at 3 months (P\<0.05). At 6 months, maternal employment status emerged as another predictor where children of working mothers had significantly higher reinfection rates (P=0.026). In conclusion, reinfection rate of STH is high and thus necessitates frequent and periodic deworming among children. Public health personnel need to re-look at the current control measures and identify innovative and integrated ways in order to reduce STH significantly in the rural communities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Data on soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections and reinfection among Orang Asli (aborigine) schoolchildren and their nutritional and socioeconomic status were analyzed to investigate the pattern and the possible predictors of STH reinfection. In this longitudinal study, 120 (60 males and 60 females) Orang Asli primary schoolchildren aged 7-12 years and living in remote areas in Pos Betau, Kuala Lipis, Pahang were screened for the presence of STH using modified cellophane thick smear and Harada Mori techniques. The overall prevalence of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infections were 65.8, 97.5 and 10.8%, respectively. After complete deworming with a 3-day course of 400mg/daily of albendazole tablets, children were re-examined at 3 and 6 months from baseline. The reinfection rate, by one or more of STH species, at 3 months after deworming was high (49.5%) while 79.6% of the children were reinfected at 6 months after deworming. Logistic regression analyses showed that females, stunted children and those living in houses without toilets had significantly higher reinfection rates than others at 3 months (P<0.05). At 6 months, maternal employment status emerged as another predictor where children of working mothers had significantly higher reinfection rates (P=0.026). In conclusion, reinfection rate of STH is high and thus necessitates frequent and periodic deworming among children. Public health personnel need to re-look at the current control measures and identify innovative and integrated ways in order to reduce STH significantly in the rural communities.
13.
Moy, FM; Atiya, AS; Wong, ML
Perceived risks, barriers and stages of change on smoking cessation among The Malay security guards in a public university in Kuala Lumpur Journal Article
In: The International Medical Journal of Malaysia, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 9-13, 2008, ISSN: 18234631.
@article{RN814,
title = {Perceived risks, barriers and stages of change on smoking cessation among The Malay security guards in a public university in Kuala Lumpur},
author = {FM Moy and AS Atiya and ML Wong},
url = {http://journals.iium.edu.my/imjm/index.php/eimj/article/view/2},
issn = {18234631},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {The International Medical Journal of Malaysia},
volume = {7},
number = {2},
pages = {9-13},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
14.
Nazatul, S M; Saimy, I; Moy, F M; Nabila, A S
PREVALENCE OF SLEEP DISTURBANCE AMONG NURSES IN A MALAYSIAN GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL AND ITS ASSOCIATIONWITH WORK CHARACTERISTICS Journal Article
In: JUMMEC: Journal of Health and Translational Medicine (Formerly known as Journal of the University of Malaya Medical Centre), no. 2, pp. 66-71%V 11, 2008, ISSN: 2289-392X.
@article{RN819,
title = {PREVALENCE OF SLEEP DISTURBANCE AMONG NURSES IN A MALAYSIAN GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL AND ITS ASSOCIATIONWITH WORK CHARACTERISTICS},
author = {S M Nazatul and I Saimy and F M Moy and A S Nabila},
url = {https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/jummec/article/view/4581},
issn = {2289-392X},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {JUMMEC: Journal of Health and Translational Medicine (Formerly known as Journal of the University of Malaya Medical Centre)},
number = {2},
pages = {66-71%V 11},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
15.
Rampal, L; Rampal, S; Azhar, M Z; Rahman, A R
Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Malaysia: a national study of 16,440 subjects Journal Article
In: Public Health, vol. 122, no. 1, pp. 11-8, 2008, ISSN: 0033-3506 (Print) 0033-3506.
@article{RN14650,
title = {Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Malaysia: a national study of 16,440 subjects},
author = {L Rampal and S Rampal and M Z Azhar and A R Rahman},
url = {http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0033350607001709/1-s2.0-S0033350607001709-main.pdf?_tid=ac51b476-9e0b-11e5-9750-00000aab0f26\&acdnat=1449621047_f0018edc1cdfb3783d32f33c2f119f2d},
doi = {10.1016/j.puhe.2007.05.008},
issn = {0033-3506 (Print)
0033-3506},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Public Health},
volume = {122},
number = {1},
pages = {11-8},
abstract = {STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted in all states of Malaysia to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling design with proportional allocation was used. METHODS: Trained nurses obtained two blood pressure measurements from each subject. Hypertension was defined as mean systolic blood pressure \>140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure \>90 mmHg, or a self-reported diagnosis of hypertension and taking antihypertensive medication. All data were analysed using Stata 9.2 software and took the complex survey design into account. A two-sided P-value of \<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of hypertension for subjects aged 15 years was 27.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 26.9-28.8). The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in males (29.6%, 95% CI 28.3-31.0) compared with females (26.0%, 95% CI 25.0-27.1). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the odds of having hypertension increased with increasing age, in males, in subjects with a family history of hypertension, with increasing body mass index, in non-smokers and with decreasing levels of education. Only 34.6% of the subjects with hypertension were aware of their hypertensive status, and 32.4 were taking antihypertensive medication. Amongst the latter group, only 26.8% had their blood pressure under control. The prevalence of hypertension amongst those aged 30 years has increased from 32.9% in 1996 to 40.5% in 2004. CONCLUSION: In Malaysia, the prevalence of hypertension is high, but levels of awareness, treatment and control are low. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive integrated population-based intervention programme to ameliorate the growing problem of hypertension in Malaysians.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted in all states of Malaysia to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling design with proportional allocation was used. METHODS: Trained nurses obtained two blood pressure measurements from each subject. Hypertension was defined as mean systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg, or a self-reported diagnosis of hypertension and taking antihypertensive medication. All data were analysed using Stata 9.2 software and took the complex survey design into account. A two-sided P-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of hypertension for subjects aged 15 years was 27.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 26.9-28.8). The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in males (29.6%, 95% CI 28.3-31.0) compared with females (26.0%, 95% CI 25.0-27.1). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the odds of having hypertension increased with increasing age, in males, in subjects with a family history of hypertension, with increasing body mass index, in non-smokers and with decreasing levels of education. Only 34.6% of the subjects with hypertension were aware of their hypertensive status, and 32.4 were taking antihypertensive medication. Amongst the latter group, only 26.8% had their blood pressure under control. The prevalence of hypertension amongst those aged 30 years has increased from 32.9% in 1996 to 40.5% in 2004. CONCLUSION: In Malaysia, the prevalence of hypertension is high, but levels of awareness, treatment and control are low. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive integrated population-based intervention programme to ameliorate the growing problem of hypertension in Malaysians.
16.
Tan, K L; Yadav, H
Reassessment on the development of children with disability in Malaysia Journal Article
In: Med J Malaysia, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 17-20, 2008, ISSN: 0300-5283 (Print) 0300-5283.
@article{RN14548,
title = {Reassessment on the development of children with disability in Malaysia},
author = {K L Tan and H Yadav},
issn = {0300-5283 (Print)
0300-5283},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Med J Malaysia},
volume = {63},
number = {1},
pages = {17-20},
abstract = {This is a cohort study investigating the profile of children with disability registered with the primary health care clinics in Malaysia. The purpose of the study was to determine whether reassessment on the development of children with disability under rehabilitation should be done at three months interval or six months interval. Secondary data from the pilot project conducted by the Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia was used in this study. The study was carried out for seven months from 1st August 2004 until 28th February 2005. A total of 168 disabled children followed up for six months were selected in this study. Schedule of Growing Scale (SGS) II was the tool used for analysis. Results showed a statistically significant difference in the mean total SGS score at six months interval but not at three months interval. The result suggests that reassessment on children with Down Syndrome, Autism, Cerebral Palsy, mental retardation and delayed speech under rehabilitation should be carried out every six months while children with gross developmental delay and slow learner might need a longer interval for reassessment.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This is a cohort study investigating the profile of children with disability registered with the primary health care clinics in Malaysia. The purpose of the study was to determine whether reassessment on the development of children with disability under rehabilitation should be done at three months interval or six months interval. Secondary data from the pilot project conducted by the Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia was used in this study. The study was carried out for seven months from 1st August 2004 until 28th February 2005. A total of 168 disabled children followed up for six months were selected in this study. Schedule of Growing Scale (SGS) II was the tool used for analysis. Results showed a statistically significant difference in the mean total SGS score at six months interval but not at three months interval. The result suggests that reassessment on children with Down Syndrome, Autism, Cerebral Palsy, mental retardation and delayed speech under rehabilitation should be carried out every six months while children with gross developmental delay and slow learner might need a longer interval for reassessment.
17.
Moe, Htay
Road Traffic Injuries among patients who attended the Accident and Emergency Unit of the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur Journal Article
In: JUMMEC: Journal of Health and Translational Medicine (Formerly known as Journal of the University of Malaya Medical Centre), no. 1, pp. 22-26, 2008, ISSN: 2289-392X.
@article{RN773,
title = {Road Traffic Injuries among patients who attended the Accident and Emergency Unit of the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur},
author = {Htay Moe},
url = {https://jummec.um.edu.my/index.php/jummec/article/view/4572},
issn = {2289-392X},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {JUMMEC: Journal of Health and Translational Medicine (Formerly known as Journal of the University of Malaya Medical Centre)},
number = {1},
pages = {22-26},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
18.
Dunne, M P; Chen, J Q; Yuen, Choo Wan
The evolving evidence base for child protection in Chinese societies Journal Article
In: Asia Pac J Public Health, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 267-76, 2008, ISSN: 1010-5395.
@article{RN14646,
title = {The evolving evidence base for child protection in Chinese societies},
author = {M P Dunne and J Q Chen and Choo Wan Yuen},
url = {http://aph.sagepub.com/content/20/4/267.full.pdf},
doi = {10.1177/1010539508325047},
issn = {1010-5395},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Asia Pac J Public Health},
volume = {20},
number = {4},
pages = {267-76},
abstract = {Child maltreatment is a substantial public health problem worldwide. Although extensively studied in Western countries, until recently little systematic research had been published about the situation in the world's most populous nation and ethnic diaspora. In this review, we examine trends from community-based research with Chinese young people and parents in mainland China, Hong Kong SAR, Taiwan, Singapore, and Malaysia. It is clear that many Chinese adolescents experience a substantial burden from various forms of maltreatment and the psychological and behavioral correlates are similar to those found in other cultures. However, the research reveals a large gap between this reality and Chinese adults' perceptions about emotional, physical, and sexual abuse. Comprehensive awareness programs are needed to close this information gap and thereby mobilize support for prevention and care initiatives.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Child maltreatment is a substantial public health problem worldwide. Although extensively studied in Western countries, until recently little systematic research had been published about the situation in the world's most populous nation and ethnic diaspora. In this review, we examine trends from community-based research with Chinese young people and parents in mainland China, Hong Kong SAR, Taiwan, Singapore, and Malaysia. It is clear that many Chinese adolescents experience a substantial burden from various forms of maltreatment and the psychological and behavioral correlates are similar to those found in other cultures. However, the research reveals a large gap between this reality and Chinese adults' perceptions about emotional, physical, and sexual abuse. Comprehensive awareness programs are needed to close this information gap and thereby mobilize support for prevention and care initiatives.
19.
Yusoff, N; Jaafar, N; Razak, I A; Chew, Y Y; Ismail, N; Bulgiba, A M
The prevalence of enamel opacities in permanent teeth of 11-12 year-old school children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Journal Article
In: Community Dent Health, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 55-8, 2008, ISSN: 0265-539X (Print) 0265-539x.
@article{RN16045,
title = {The prevalence of enamel opacities in permanent teeth of 11-12 year-old school children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia},
author = {N Yusoff and N Jaafar and I A Razak and Y Y Chew and N Ismail and A M Bulgiba},
issn = {0265-539X (Print)
0265-539x},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Community Dent Health},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {55-8},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, distribution, severity and treatment need of enamel opacities among 11-12 year-old school children in a fluoridated urban community. DESIGN: A cross-sectional descriptive survey of enamel opacities in 11-12 year-old schoolchildren. CLINICAL SETTING: A questionnaire survey and a clinical examination of erupted teeth using the Modified DDE Index was conducted on schoolchildren in randomly selected schools. PARTICIPANTS: 957 schoolchildren from government schools in Kuala Lumpur comprising the three major ethnic groups of Malay, Chinese and Indian children. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The severity of enamel opacities was assessed by the extent of buccal surface involvement. Normative treatment need was based on severity of opacities. RESULTS: Enamel opacities were found in 90.7% of subjects and 47.2% of teeth. Malays have the highest prevalence with Chinese the least. Although ethnic differences is statistically significant (p \< 0.01), the differences in prevalence between ethnicity is small. The most common type of defect was "diffuse opacities" (88.6% of subjects). Most subjects (70%) showed bilateral distribution of diffuse opacities indicating a systemic disturbance. Posterior teeth were twice more commonly affected (p \< 0.05). The majority of opacities in anterior teeth (66.7%) were minor, involving less than 1/3 of the labial surface. Only 0.6% of the whole sample required some form of aesthetic intervention. CONCLUSION: Despite the high prevalence of enamel opacities, the degree of severity is very mild with only minimal aesthetic and public health concern.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, distribution, severity and treatment need of enamel opacities among 11-12 year-old school children in a fluoridated urban community. DESIGN: A cross-sectional descriptive survey of enamel opacities in 11-12 year-old schoolchildren. CLINICAL SETTING: A questionnaire survey and a clinical examination of erupted teeth using the Modified DDE Index was conducted on schoolchildren in randomly selected schools. PARTICIPANTS: 957 schoolchildren from government schools in Kuala Lumpur comprising the three major ethnic groups of Malay, Chinese and Indian children. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The severity of enamel opacities was assessed by the extent of buccal surface involvement. Normative treatment need was based on severity of opacities. RESULTS: Enamel opacities were found in 90.7% of subjects and 47.2% of teeth. Malays have the highest prevalence with Chinese the least. Although ethnic differences is statistically significant (p < 0.01), the differences in prevalence between ethnicity is small. The most common type of defect was "diffuse opacities" (88.6% of subjects). Most subjects (70%) showed bilateral distribution of diffuse opacities indicating a systemic disturbance. Posterior teeth were twice more commonly affected (p < 0.05). The majority of opacities in anterior teeth (66.7%) were minor, involving less than 1/3 of the labial surface. Only 0.6% of the whole sample required some form of aesthetic intervention. CONCLUSION: Despite the high prevalence of enamel opacities, the degree of severity is very mild with only minimal aesthetic and public health concern.
20.
Yusoff, Noriah; Jaafar, Nasruddin; Razak, I A; Chew, Y Y; Ismail, N; Bulgiba, Awang
The prevalence of enamel opacities in permanent teeth of 11-12 year-old school children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Journal Article
In: Community Dent Health, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 55-8, 2008.
@article{RN792,
title = {The prevalence of enamel opacities in permanent teeth of 11-12 year-old school children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia},
author = {Noriah Yusoff and Nasruddin Jaafar and I A Razak and Y Y Chew and N Ismail and Awang Bulgiba},
doi = {10.1922/CDH_2114Yusoff04},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {Community Dent Health},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {55-8},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
21.
Hussain, Fouad; Al-Bayaty, Fouad; Au, Nidhai; Bulgiba, Awang; Muther, Adnan
TOOTH MORTALITY IN A SELECTED POPULATION IN SANAA Journal Article
In: dentika Dental Journal, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 144-150, 2008.
@article{RN809,
title = {TOOTH MORTALITY IN A SELECTED POPULATION IN SANAA},
author = {Fouad Hussain and Fouad Al-Bayaty and Nidhai Au and Awang Bulgiba and Adnan Muther},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {dentika Dental Journal},
volume = {11},
number = {2},
pages = {144-150},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
22.
Al-Bayaty, F H; Wahid, N A; Bulgiba, A M
Tooth mortality in smokers and nonsmokers in a selected population in Sana'a, Yemen Journal Article
In: J Periodontal Res, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 9-13, 2008, ISSN: 0022-3484.
@article{RN16047,
title = {Tooth mortality in smokers and nonsmokers in a selected population in Sana'a, Yemen},
author = {F H Al-Bayaty and N A Wahid and A M Bulgiba},
doi = {10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.00988.x},
issn = {0022-3484},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {J Periodontal Res},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {9-13},
abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Tobacco smoking has been shown to be a major risk factor for tooth loss. The present study was designed to examine tooth mortality and the patterns of tooth loss in smokers and nonsmokers over a wide age range in a selected population from Sana'a, Yemen. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 2506 persons between the ages of 15 and 64 years were examined, and every permanent tooth was assessed. Missing teeth included both extracted and missing teeth. Individuals currently smoking one or more boxes of cigarettes (20 cigarettes) a day for 5 years were considered as smokers, whereas individuals with no smoking history were considered as nonsmokers. RESULTS: Smokers had a higher mean tooth loss than nonsmokers. The difference was statistically significant at p \< 0.001. Mean tooth loss was significantly higher in smokers across all age groups, except for those in the 45-54 years age group. Smokers had a significantly higher mean upper tooth loss than nonsmokers. Tooth loss decreased from the incisors to the canines and then increased, with peak loss in the first molars. CONCLUSION: Tooth loss among smokers is significantly higher than among nonsmokers. The central incisors, lateral incisors and first molars were the most commonly missing teeth in smokers, compared with nonsmokers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Tobacco smoking has been shown to be a major risk factor for tooth loss. The present study was designed to examine tooth mortality and the patterns of tooth loss in smokers and nonsmokers over a wide age range in a selected population from Sana'a, Yemen. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 2506 persons between the ages of 15 and 64 years were examined, and every permanent tooth was assessed. Missing teeth included both extracted and missing teeth. Individuals currently smoking one or more boxes of cigarettes (20 cigarettes) a day for 5 years were considered as smokers, whereas individuals with no smoking history were considered as nonsmokers. RESULTS: Smokers had a higher mean tooth loss than nonsmokers. The difference was statistically significant at p < 0.001. Mean tooth loss was significantly higher in smokers across all age groups, except for those in the 45-54 years age group. Smokers had a significantly higher mean upper tooth loss than nonsmokers. Tooth loss decreased from the incisors to the canines and then increased, with peak loss in the first molars. CONCLUSION: Tooth loss among smokers is significantly higher than among nonsmokers. The central incisors, lateral incisors and first molars were the most commonly missing teeth in smokers, compared with nonsmokers.
23.
Khoo, S P; Yap, A U; Chan, Y H; Bulgiba, A M
Translating the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders into Malay: evaluation of content and process Journal Article
In: J Orofac Pain, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 131-8, 2008, ISSN: 1064-6655 (Print) 1064-6655.
@article{RN16044,
title = {Translating the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders into Malay: evaluation of content and process},
author = {S P Khoo and A U Yap and Y H Chan and A M Bulgiba},
issn = {1064-6655 (Print)
1064-6655},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
journal = {J Orofac Pain},
volume = {22},
number = {2},
pages = {131-8},
abstract = {AIMS: To develop a Malay-language version of the Axis II Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) through a formal translation/back-translation process and to summarize available data about the psychometric properties of the translated scales. METHODS: To cross-culturally adapt the instrument, the RDC/TMD underwent translation using a forward-backward method. Subjects were recruited to test the congruency between translated and original versions of the RDC/TMD. The psychometric properties of 3 domains (Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Nonspecific Physical Symptoms, and Depression) of the RDC/TMD were examined, and the literature on this topic was reviewed. RESULTS: All the items scored 93% to 100% congruency. Cronbach's alphas for Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Nonspecific Physical Symptoms, and Depression were 0.77, 0.71, and 0.88, respectively (n = 40). The test-retest reliability of scores (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]) and levels (Spearman's rho) for these domains showed ICCs of 0.97, 0.94, and 0.95, respectively, with a lowest ICC value of 0.84 (n = 40); the Spearman's rho values were 0.93, 0.74, and 0.74, respectively. The discriminant validity between patients with pain symptoms (n = 40) and normal pain-free controls (n = 40) were statistically significant (P \< .001). These correlations provide support for the internal consistency and validity of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Nonspecific Physical Symptoms, and Depression domains of the translated version of the RDC/TMD, which were found to be comparable to the psychometric properties of the original and other international translated versions. CONCLUSION: The cross-cultural adaptation of the RDC/TMD into the Malay language is suitable for use in Malaysia.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
AIMS: To develop a Malay-language version of the Axis II Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) through a formal translation/back-translation process and to summarize available data about the psychometric properties of the translated scales. METHODS: To cross-culturally adapt the instrument, the RDC/TMD underwent translation using a forward-backward method. Subjects were recruited to test the congruency between translated and original versions of the RDC/TMD. The psychometric properties of 3 domains (Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Nonspecific Physical Symptoms, and Depression) of the RDC/TMD were examined, and the literature on this topic was reviewed. RESULTS: All the items scored 93% to 100% congruency. Cronbach's alphas for Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Nonspecific Physical Symptoms, and Depression were 0.77, 0.71, and 0.88, respectively (n = 40). The test-retest reliability of scores (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]) and levels (Spearman's rho) for these domains showed ICCs of 0.97, 0.94, and 0.95, respectively, with a lowest ICC value of 0.84 (n = 40); the Spearman's rho values were 0.93, 0.74, and 0.74, respectively. The discriminant validity between patients with pain symptoms (n = 40) and normal pain-free controls (n = 40) were statistically significant (P < .001). These correlations provide support for the internal consistency and validity of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale, Nonspecific Physical Symptoms, and Depression domains of the translated version of the RDC/TMD, which were found to be comparable to the psychometric properties of the original and other international translated versions. CONCLUSION: The cross-cultural adaptation of the RDC/TMD into the Malay language is suitable for use in Malaysia.
24.
Saw, Aik; Manimaran, S; Faizal, S; Bulgiba, A M
Use of Radiographic Densitometry to Predict the Bone Healing Index in Distraction Osteogenesis Book
2008.
@book{RN818,
title = {Use of Radiographic Densitometry to Predict the Bone Healing Index in Distraction Osteogenesis},
author = {Aik Saw and S Manimaran and S Faizal and A M Bulgiba},
doi = {10.5704/MOJ.0804.008},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
volume = {2},
pages = {44-48},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}